Grand Jury: An Overview

What is a Grand Jury?

In Anglo-American law, a grand jury is a group of citizens that examines accusations against persons charged with crimes and determines if there is sufficient evidence to proceed with a trial.

Composition and Function of a Grand Jury

Grand juries are typically composed of 12 to 23 individuals randomly selected from a community. Their primary function is to review evidence presented by the prosecution and decide whether there is probable cause to believe that a crime has been committed and that the accused should stand trial.

The Process of a Grand Jury Investigation

Grand jury proceedings are typically conducted in secret, with the accused not present. The prosecution presents its case, including witness testimony, documents, and physical evidence. The grand jury deliberates and votes on whether to issue an indictment, which is a formal accusation that outlines the charges against the accused.

Indictments and Trial

If the grand jury votes to indict the accused, it means that they have found probable cause to believe that a crime has been committed. The accused is then arraigned on the indictment and a trial date is scheduled. The trial jury, which is a separate body from the grand jury, hears the evidence and determines guilt or innocence.

Updated: September 21, 2018